124 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
124 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
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## mysql8.0 主从配置
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### 一、主库master配置
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#### 1、修改配置文件开启bin-log
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```sh
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#mysql8.0版本
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vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
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#在mysqld.cnf最下面添加
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#开启binlog 备份文件名称
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log-bin = mysql-bin
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#server-id在主从复制链路中服务id不能相同
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server-id = 101
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#不开启binlog的数据库
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binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
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binlog-ignore-db=sys
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binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
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binlog-ignore-db=mysql
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#只对一下数据库输出binlog 可以写多个，不写则对所有未忽略的输出binlog
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binlog-do-db = test
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```
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#### 2、创建master用户，并且设置复制权限
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```mysql
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#创建用户 用户名可以随意命名，访问地址设置从库ip
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created user 'master'@'从库ip' identified with mysql_native_password by 'your password';
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#赋予权限
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grant replication slave on *.* to 'master'@'从库ip';
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#刷新使刚才操作生效
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flush privileges;
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```
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#### 3、查看配置是否生效
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```mysql
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#获取server_id 判断是否和配置文件中server_id相同
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show variables like 'server_id';
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#不相同则设置和配置文件相同
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show variables like 'server_id';
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#刷新后再次查看
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flush privileges;
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show variables like 'server_id';
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#查看master配置 重启mysql服务生效 sudo service mysql resatrt;
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show master status;
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```
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### 二、从库slave配置
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#### 1、修改配置文件
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```shell
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#server-id 不能和主库相同
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server-id=102
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#忽略下方所有表操作
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replicate_wild_ignore_table= information_schema.%
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replicate_wild_ignore_table= sys.%
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replicate_wild_ignore_table= performance_schema.%
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replicate_wild_ignore_table= mysql.%
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```
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#### 2、设置主节点参数
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```mysql
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mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
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MASTER_HOST='主服务器id', -- 主库(master)IP
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MASTER_USER='master', -- 主库(master)用户
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MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', -- 主库(master)用户密码
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MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -- 主库(master)地址
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MASTER_LOG_POS=856; -- 主库(master)位置 在主库中输入 show master status; 可以查看binlog地址 和 position位置
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```
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#### 3、查看配置是否生效
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```mysql
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#获取server_id 判断是否和配置文件中server_id相同
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show variables like 'server_id';
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#不相同则设置和配置文件相同
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show variables like 'server_id';
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#刷新后再次查看
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flush privileges;
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show variables like 'server_id';
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```
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#### 4、开启主从同步
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```mysql
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#开启主从
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start slave;
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#查看主从同步状态
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show slave status\G;
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#状态如下则表示同步成功
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#Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
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#Master_Host: 192.168.3.50
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#Master_User: master50
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#Slave_IO_Running: Yes
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#Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
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```
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### 三、注意
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#### 1、跨库操作不同补问题
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我们在主库中添加了忽略库，这里在mysql中 使用 database.table 进行跨库操作就会拦截跨库的操作，所以建议不要使用跨库操作，建议使用use database 切换操作库或者去掉主库忽略配置；
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```mysql
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use mysql;
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delete test.user where id = 1
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#因为所在库是mysql，mysql是我们的忽略库 他不会生成binlog 所以不会向从库同步
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```
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#### 2、从库不向主库同步
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对从库进行操作不会对主库更新，如果想要从库向主库同步，将住服务器当从服务器，从服务器当主服务器，在执行一遍流程
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#### 3、配置注意事项
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(1) 主从服务器操作系统保持一致
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(2) 主从数据库版本一致
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(3) 主库开启bin-log，主库和从库的server_id 唯一
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